The concept of smart city implies the structure, system, and identity of the populations that make telecommunications technology come to life. In these biological complexes, actual and actual communication and activities become predominantly virtual. As a result, forms and spaces also find new geometric, conceptual, and conceptual formats. Urban planners and designers are seeking to solve urban problems and phenomena by designing smart residential neighborhoods, networking smart roads and public places. One of the pillars of the problem reduction in smart cities is to solve the problems of urban public transport. One of the most important issues in developed and smart cities is the relationship between smart city and how to utilize modern systems along this route, which reduces the problems of urban transport and the problems facing it. Therefore, it is necessary to know the context and the necessities and advantages of these systems. In this regard, after introducing the main goals of smart city, we analyze the advanced systems in the transportation system. Transportation in smart cities is one of the most important things that can lead to modeling the structure of smart cities. Therefore, the present study is an attempt to present suitable transportation system solutions in smart city after reviewing urban transportation systems. Documentary and library studies including the study of books and related articles have been used to collect information in this study. Due to the nature of the subject, descriptive-explanatory research method has been used and finally a necessary conclusion and conclusion have been presented.

Air pollution and energy shortage as serious crises، made researchers and industrialists trying to find suitable solutions with the aim of energy management. Electric transportation loads ( especially، electric vehicles and urban metro systems )، are considered as the major consumers of energy for the electric network. Since the mentioned vehicles، have time overlap with the peak demand of main electric network at the peak time consumption، the feeding procedure has negative impacts on the upstream grid. One of the best solutions is reusing the huge regenerative energy of braking trains. The regenerative energy could be taken to consideration as a distributed generation in electric transportation system as well as the distributed generations of power systems like solar energy resources. Therefore، in this paper an integrated configuration comprised of the urban metro system، charging station for electric vehicles، photovoltaic panels، and energy storage as an interface for energy exchange is introduced to alleviate the problems. The priorities of power consuming، supplying، charging or discharging are defined by a smart energy management system. This system imposes the economic and technical constraints to power flows. By considering this method the profitable consequences are imminent. Supplying the loads by the smart configuration leads to energy management and consequently the reduction of the operation and infrastructure expenses and decreasing the negative impacts on the upstream network by optimizing the model of energy consumption from economic and technical points of view.

The subject of the present research is to examine the studies of smart transportation at the national level. The problem that caused the study to be carried out first was the need for more recognition of prolific and under-worked topics or without research, and then preventing research Repetitions and introducing issues that have yet to be addressed. For this purpose, a scientific atlas has been presented in order to show active provinces in this field. This research methodology is of the applied scientometric type and was carried out by the content analysis method. All bibliographic information indexed in SID, Elmnet, Noormags, Cilivica, Magiran, and Google scholar has been collected and studied from the subject and geographical dimension. Articles were collected using keywords, which left 391 articles after eliminating duplicates. After the review, it was found that transportation and traffic management are the most prolific, and national security is the most minor studied topic of smart transportation. In the collected articles, the components of the field of smart transportation include travel information and routing, transport and traffic management, vehicle, and goods transportation, public transportation, emergency conditions, economy and cost, transportation safety, climate and environment, non-active defense, and national security. The geographical atlas showed that each province had conducted research in the field of which of the components and which were the overworked and underworked provinces in each of the components. According to this study's results, the transportation management and traffic component has been the most productive component of the 11 components of smart transportation in the country.

Introduction: Today, the automobile is the most important means of transportation, which has a lot of movement and energy. Concerning this process, in recent decades, concepts such as sustainable development and sustainable urban development have been proposed as solutions to the patterns of physical, social, and economic development. Therefore, problems such as the destruction of natural resources, destruction of biological systems, excessive population growth, injustice and reducing the quality of human life in the present and future can be prevented. Accordingly, governments are always trying to overcome environmental problems with various policies and programs or reduce the negative effects of human functions on the environment (pollution and environmental degradation). Khoy city, due to the special place in the region and a wide sphere of influence in terms of population and administrative and economic flows, has the most traffic in the region, especially in the city, which requires the existence of intelligent urban systems. Although we are currently witnessing public transportation and taxi systems in some parts of the city, there are still many challenges and issues until the needs of the citizens are met, which the most important of them are the lack of coverage of most parts of the city, unnecessary traffic of some citizens, lack of bicycle lanes, heavy traffic in the central and historical contexts, lack of close monitoring of the public transportation system, disorder in the transportation system, incompatibility of urban land use planning system with urban transportation system, the lack of promotion of the central sidewalk network and the weakness of security in these spaces, disorder in the urban design system including pedestrian lines, sidewalks, and the network of roads, etc. Based on this, the present study tries to identify the indicators and components in order to evaluate the performance of Khoy city transportation system by emphasizing the approach of smart urban growth and improving the quality of life of citizens. In other words, the purpose of this study is to answer the following question:-What are the most important indicators for assessing the public transportation situation based on the smart growth approach in Khoy city? Methodology: The present research is descriptive-analytical in terms of method and practical in terms of applying the results. The statistical population of this study is the residents of Khoy city. Cochran's formula has been used to select a suitable sample for evaluation,in this context, the population of Khoy city, according to the last census in 2016, was 8845 people, so the selected sample is estimated at 383 people. The scale of measurement based on the Likert scale was from very low to very high and the way of scoring the questionnaire was from 1 to 5. Data analysis by structural equations has been exerted to analyze the research model. Through these techniques, the researcher can confirm or reject a hypothetical structure. In this regard, SPSS and Smart-PLS software programs have been exploited. The indicators were selected based on documentary-library and field studies, containing 24 indicators in 8 components. Results and Discussion: The results of the study showed that there was a significant relationship at the level of 0. 01% between the components of public transportation and smart growth. So that the most impacts related to the components of preservation of historical, safety and social monuments were 0. 92 and 0. 84 percent, respectively. Also at the factor loadings level, the lack of damage to open space and air pollution, encouraging growth from within and reducing sprawl growth, and creating job opportunities have had the greatest impact. Associated with intelligence, policy and safety were 19 and 68, respectively, and in contrast, the highest level of protection of historical and economic monuments was 145 and 105. Moreover, the highest significance was related to job creation, price reform, and interconnected transportation networks with values of 291, 262, and 207, respectively. In contrast, the participation of the private sector, the diversity of routes between the two points, and the alignment of land-use policies with transportation had the lowest levels of significance with values of 11. 8, 16. 2, and 17. 9, respectively. Conclusion: Given the nature of development based on public transportation and its positive principles, proponents of this development believe that what should be considered in the design of urban systems is the development of comprehensive urban plans to maximize compliance between urban planning and land-use policies. Other urban transportation systems are optimal according to the characteristics of the urban network. Findings show that this inappropriate combination and uneven distribution of land-uses in development is such that it has not led to the internalization of travel in the field of development. In this way, people are required to use the automobile to do their daily chores, which leads to the demand for travel and, consequently, the need for parking and facing traffic. If there is a mixed-use in the field of development, travel by public transport or on foot to the desired destinations within the field of development, is practiced. Also, in many cases, the current situation is an obstacle in this direction, so that the traditional zoning emphasizes the development of single-use to protect the neighborhood from incompatible uses or limit residential density. For this purpose, it is necessary to re-zoning in comprehensive and detailed plans to consider the benefits of mixed-uses with public transportation, which will lead to greater compliance of the development area with the transitoriented development approach.

Background and Objective: In this era, the use of vehicles, especially cars, has become a part of everyday life and it became tangible issue in metropolitan city like Tehran. Since developed and developing countries are looking for a sustainable strategy to achieve a justifiable transportation as much as possible , this research focuses on the effect of intelligent transportation systems as one of the ideal technologies and new technologies in transportation and urban traffic management have been discussed in this respect.Method: This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of quantitative data collection methods. The statistical population of the research consists of all traffic experts and traffic organization of Tehran Municipality which is 550 people of which 145 were selected by stratified sampling method. A researcher made questionnaire was used to collect data.Findings: This research showed that the smart transportation system has a significant impact on sustainable urban development including the components of environment, safety, economy, accessibility and mental health.Results: The intelligent transportation system is like a skeleton that connect the aforementioned components together in order to strengthen sustainable development and to meet transportation needs with environmental, social and economic goals and to improve safety for society and future generations.   

The real-time video surveillance system has become an integral part of our life and Highways play a very crucial role in transportation. For a transportation system to work, the management of highways are necessary. It also prevents accident and other challenging issues on highways. Various machine learning and artificial intelligence based techniques are evolving with numerous advancement in this domain. These algorithms are efficient and very less time consuming. So the use of machine learning and artificial intelligence in transportation systems and highways could be very beneficial. In this paper, various approaches related to moving vehicle detection for the transportation system especially for highways are considered. The literature also reveals for existing research for the machine learning and AI based methodologies to resolve more complex real-time problems. The proposed work is also compared with the existing peer methods and demonstrated better performance achieved experimentally.

Purpose: The planning of future cities is one of the researchers' interests that has led to concepts such as smart cities and livable cities. On the other hand, the growth of inequality is one of the major concerns. This study presents an approach to reduce inequality in urban transportation by educating desirable behaviors to citizens. Methods: This article uses documentary studies to identify the dimensions of inequality, new technologies in the future smart cities, and developing a gamification system. Also, essential technologies in smart future cities have been identified by the Delphi method. Findings: Experts identified the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, and cloud computing as essential topics of new technologies. Then proposed an approach that citizens use active and public transportation systems more to reduce inequality. Conclusion: A framework designed to use the new technologies for planning and managing smart future cities and utilizing the concept of gamification to reduce the costs of infrastructures, collecting and analyzing data. It also habituates citizens' proper transportation behaviors to reduce inequality in future cities by using active and public transportation.

Nowadays, with the advancement of technology and the importance of intelligent transportation in the smart city, predicting and identifying the use of transportation modes is the primary and essential part of intelligent transportation such as traffic control, travel demand analysis, and transportation planning. With the pervasiveness of positioning devices as well as the pervasive use of smartphones, recorded location routes are an economical and rapid approach to identifying modes of transport. In this study, using situational data recorded by the Microsoft Research Asia (Geolife) and extracting dynamic characteristics, walking, biking, use of bus, driving, and use of train are predicted. The proposed approach to using machine learning classifications includes support vector machine classification, random forest classification, gradient boosting classification, and extreme gradient boosting classification. Among the models, the extreme gradient boosting model was able to predict transport modes with higher accuracy by obtaining 95.18% accuracy and less time complexity.

Extended AbstractIntroductionDue to the problems related to the provision of transportation infrastructure, the managers of the countries have decided to investigate the advances in technology in order to find a solution to overcome the transportation problems, and seek to solve these problems with a method other than the traditional methods of the past. (Jabbari et al, 2012). Of course, in the meantime, city officials are doing their best to achieve safe, fast, convenient and economical transportation, but "transportation" imposes a lot of social, economic and environmental costs and damages on the country due to the lack of a cross-sectoral approach and the inefficiency of facilities and equipment (Ahadi and Barimani, 2011), and there is a difference of opinion about the concepts of the nature of transportation and sustainable urban development or sustainable development in urban construction as well as the feasibility of that approach (Rezania and etal, 2017); while sustainable transportation policies seek to find methods that provide the possibility of proper access for all sections of society, adjust economic costs and reduce environmental pollution.An approach has been considered with regard to the development of cities and special attention to the sustainable development of the city in the future that can help us in reaching a sustainable city and realizing the ideal of a sustainable city, and it is nothing but the smart transportation system approach. The smart transportation system (ITS) refers to a general term for the combined application of communication, control and information processing technologies for transportation systems that leads to saving in human lives, time, money, energy and provides environmental benefits (Tumlin, 2012).MethodologyThis study is considered to be applied research based on the objective and descriptive-analytical research based on its nature and method. The population of the research is Tehran, whose members were selected for study and investigation using a convenience sampling method. The data were collected using both field and library methods with tools such as: books, articles, theses, publications, statistics, maps, the internet, researcher-made questionnaires and interview cards. Cronbach's alpha method was used for the reliability of the data collection tool, and its value was 9.19. The studied samples were selected (100 people) based on availability and the knowledge and expertise required by a targeted or judgmental non-probability approach. The studied indicators were analyzed with the help of SPSS software (Pearson's correlation test and multiple regression) simultaneously. Results and Discussion The index and value of "average effects" have been used to measure the number of effects. In total, smart transportation has a medium to high impact on the economic development of Tehran and the average score of 3.35 confirms this. In the separate analysis of indicators, the greatest impact of smart transportation has been on the creation of side job opportunities, which, with an average of 4.13 is the only indicator on which the system has had a great impact. In the socio-cultural sector, smart transportation (internet taxi) has had a great impact on the quality of life of the city's residents by saving the time for citizens and passengers, strengthening their satisfaction with the living environment of Tehran and creating mental and psychological comfort, and improving the mental security of citizens. Additionally, this system has a relatively large impact on the spatial justice of the city; meaning access to transportation services and facilities at any time and place for everyone. According to the average results of "types" of transportation, the urban subway has had a significant impact on sustainable development (economic- and social) and is more smart than other transportation systems. Also, the effects of BRT buses and then internet taxis have also been observed at a high level.In the section on the "Possibilities" of smart transportation, it should be noted that their overall effects were evaluated at a high level with an average of 4.25, indicating high user satisfaction. Some of the most important smart transportation facilities in Tehran include map routing facilities, online information to the driver regarding traffic, weather, accidents, and other relevant information, electronic payment facilities for: fares, parking and tolls and car and driver information report to the passenger, which has a very high impact on the development of Tehran. Furthermore, all smart transportation "services" have a significant impact on the socio-economic development of Tehran. The most important and effective tools and services of smart transportation in Tehran are route finders, location tracker app, traffic light control system, speedometers and user notification systems. The most significant difference is observed in the evaluation of the effects from the perspective of the satisfaction index and the disparity in people's satisfaction with smart transportation has caused the difference in their evaluation in economic, socio-cultural dimensions. Moreover, there is a significant difference in evaluating the effects of transportation services and facilities from the perspective of their use of smart transportation. ConclusionThe intellectualization of transportation infrastructures is considered an innovation that needs to be examined for the needs, structure, goals, power, and potential of each city in order to have a greater and more positive impact and development, and the appropriate system should be implemented based on these components. Comprehensive, diverse facilities and services that are appropriate to the economic-social conditions of the society and its people can play an effective role in the level of use and satisfaction of people and ultimately the sustainable development of the city. According to the survey results of the studied population's members (experts in this field), 50% of them believe that intelligent transportation plays a significant role in the sustainable development of the city. According to the same survey, this system has had a moderate impact (38 and 32% of the population) on the quantity and quality of roads particularly in constructing  (new roads and passages and in creating facilities and services on roads and passages based on this system; this is because 38% believed that the city's infrastructure and facilities are not suitable for this type of transportation.